Essays
A collection of essays and thoughts
The Arian Controversy: Logic, Tradition, and the Nature of the Divine
An exploration of the intellectual battle between Arius and Athanasius of Alexandria, examining whether Arius was truly ‘wrong’ by the standards of logic and theology.
Read more →Book Review: The Tyranny of Merit by Michael Sandel
Michael Sandel is not against success; he is against the story we tell about it. In The Tyranny of Merit (2020), the Harvard political philosopher argues that meritocracy—long celebrated as the fairest way to organize society—has curdled into a source of hubris for those at the top and humiliation for those left behind. The result, he contends, is not merely a wealth gap, but a profound moral and political crisis that helped fuel the populist upheavals of the last decade.
Read more →Two Pieces of the Same Scroll: The Cairo Papyrus and the Strasbourg Empedocles
Nathan Carlig’s identification of P.Fouad inv. 218 as a fragment of Empedocles’ Physica reveals that the Cairo and Strasbourg papyri are two surviving pieces of a single ancient scroll — the only known manuscript copy of this lost philosophical poem.
Read more →Iris Murdoch on Metaphor: The Sovereignty of the Good
Murdoch argues that morality is not about following rules, but about a disciplined, imaginative way of seeing reality that requires us to pierce the ‘cloud’ of our own selfishness to truly encounter the ‘Good’.
Read more →From Alexander to Ukraine: the labors of war and the illusion of concord
A critical reflection on war from Alexander the Great to the twenty-first century, through history, myth, and contemporary geopolitics.
Read more →